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Dormancy is a physiological state when viable seeds do not
2022-03-18

Dormancy is a physiological state when viable seeds do not germinate. Seed stratification, a commonly used technique, is used for dormancy removal and can be performed in moisture for an experimentally revealed time at warm or cold temperatures. All conditions depends on plant species (Dębska et al.
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Although resembling a differential symbiotic relationship
2022-03-18

Although resembling a differential symbiotic relationship, interplay between prostate tumour CAFs promotes PKM2/HIF-1-driven transcriptional regulation in prostate cancer cells that exploit lactate produced by CAFs and undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) [21]. Although recent observat
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Recently an increasing number of
2022-03-18

Recently, an increasing number of studies have highlighted the crucial role of nociceptive factors produced by microglia under neuropathic pain conditions (Mika et al., 2013; Popiolek-Barczyk and Mika, 2016). iNOS is an important pronociceptive factor that is strictly expressed by microglia/macropha
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After the synthesis of methylsulfonyl or tetrazole surrogate
2022-03-18

After the synthesis of methylsulfonyl or tetrazole surrogate derivatives, compounds synthesized by introducing hydrogen, fluoro, and methyl groups into the head group of GPR119 agonists were synthesized. Compounds – were synthesized by reacting hydroxybenzaldehyde with fluorine, hydrogen, or a methy
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br Computational details and modeling All calculations were
2022-03-18

Computational details and modeling All calculations were performed using the density functional B3LYP [34] method, implemented in Gaussian03 program [35]. The structures of reactants, transition states, intermediates, and products were optimized using the 6-31+G(d) basis set for the H, C, N, O an
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GlyRs are members of the superfamily of
2022-03-18

GlyRs are members of the superfamily of Cys-loop receptors (CLRs) [3]. They form postsynaptic pentameric receptor complexes of α1 and β subunits anchored via the scaffolding protein gephyrin [4]. GlyRs are composed of several domains with the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD) important for
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Histamine functions as a key
2022-03-18

Histamine functions as a key neurotransmitter in multiple circuits to control various behaviors. In Drosophila photoreceptor, Kartogenin is produced de novo by histidine decarboxylase (Burg et al., 1993); meanwhile, maintaining normal histamine content also depends on the histamine recycling pathwa
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Kern et al observed an overall improvement in behaviors typi
2022-03-18

Kern et al observed an overall improvement in behaviors typical for autism during TR. They used the Childhood Autism Rating Score (CARS), to determine the intensity of the change and found lower CARS values after 3 (t(21) = 2.73, p MLN4924 comparison of differences in QoL improvement in both groups,
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It is an aspiring task to apply the
2022-03-18

It is an aspiring task to apply the glutamate biosensor for in vivo measurements in Tarafenacin tissue. Due to a relatively large size of the electrode used in this work, the biosensor fits only ex vivo applications. However, it is possible to apply platinum microelectrodes 50–100 μm in diameter fo
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Further explorations at the ortho and meta positions of
2022-03-18

Further explorations at the ortho- and meta-positions of the phenyl in the tail proceeded on the basis of the preliminary results. First, we investigated the fluorine group at the meta- (13p) and ortho-positions (13q) of the phenyl group, with both compounds being slightly less potent than 13o. Surp
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When we compared the effects in
2022-03-17

When we compared the effects in FST induced by GAL and GAL(1–15), we observed that the increase in the immobility induced by GAL(1–15) was significantly higher than the one induced by GAL (Millon et al., 2015). Moreover, in climbing behaviour, GAL(1–15) also induced a stronger decrease in climbing
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A comparison of our results with
2022-03-17

A comparison of our results with literature data on the action of pregnane and androstane steroids on the functional activity of NMDAR, GABAAR and GlyR enables us to draw the following conclusions. First, androstane steroids (with no substituents at C-17) at a concentration up to 50 μM do not affect
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br Material and methods br Results and
2022-03-17

Material and methods Results and discussion Discussion It is well established that the guanosine-rich DNA sequences within telomeric DNA repeats, and in the promoter regions of a number of oncogenes or proto-oncogenes such as c-myc [20,23], VEGF [28,48,49] and Bcl-2 [21,50], can readily ass
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However the clinical development of was terminated
2022-03-17

However, the clinical development of was terminated in 2013 due to the concerns over liver toxicity, raising important questions regarding the long-term safety and viability of targeting GPR40 and, more specifically, about our understanding of the pharmacobiology and signaling spectrum of this rece
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Our results are consistent with the
2022-03-17

Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that reduced Fas-mediated apoptosis in maternally activated T-lymphocytes could result in insufficient trophoblast invasion of the spiral AM966 as the activated T-lymphocytes become able to enhance the destruction of the cytotrophoblasts. A reduced num
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